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铸造是人类掌握比较早的一种金属热加工工艺，已有约6000年的历史。中国约在公元前1700～前1000年之间已进入青铜铸件的全盛期，工艺上已达到相当高的水平。铸造是指将固态金属熔化为液态倒入特定形状的铸型，待其凝固成形的加工方式。被铸金属有：铜、铁、铝、锡、铅等，普通铸型的材料是原砂、黏土、水玻璃、树脂及其他辅助材料。特种铸造的铸型包括：熔模铸造、消失模铸造、金属型铸造、陶瓷型铸造等。（原砂包括：石英砂、镁砂、锆砂、铬铁矿砂、镁橄榄石砂、兰晶石砂、石墨砂、铁砂等）
Casting is a kind of metal hot working technology which has a history of about 6000 years. China has entered the heyday of bronze casting between 1700 BC and 1000 BC, and its technology has reached a very high level. Casting refers to the processing method in which the solid metal is melted into a liquid state and poured into a specific shape mold for solidification. The cast metals are: copper, iron, aluminum, tin, lead, etc. the common mold materials are sand, clay, sodium silicate, resin and other auxiliary materials. The special casting mold includes: investment casting, lost foam casting, metal mold casting, ceramic mold casting and so on. (raw sand includes: quartz sand, magnesia, zirconium sand, chromite sand, forsterite sand, kyanite sand, graphite sand, iron sand, etc.)